Quantificação da arborização urbana viária de Campinas, SP.

A arborização urbana compreende parques, praças, jardins, bosques, fragmentos florestais, arborização particular e arborização viária, e é responsável por oferecer grandes benefícios à qualidade de vida da população das cidades. A arborização viária, em especial aquela que é disposta em calçadas, canteiros centrais e rotatórias, pode ser um grande entrave para o desenvolvimento sustentável das cidades caso não seja bem manejada. À medida que o adensamento urbano aumenta, o comércio se expande e a frota de automóveis atinge números astronômicos, calçadas são rebaixadas e as vias têm que ser ampliadas: reduz-se o espaço necessário à presença de árvores. Portanto, a gestão qualificada das árvores é primordial para a sustentabilidade das cidades.bitstream/item/82260/1/029-12.pd

Examining motivational correlates of mental toughness in Spanish athletes

Based on Self Determination and Achievement Goal theories, in this study we tested the relationship between perceptions of coaches’ in- terpersonal styles, athlete’s goal orientations, mental toughness (MT) and future intention of sport practice, as well as self-perception of achievement in sport in a sample of 155 athletes (82 men and 73 women) with a mean age of 22.64 + 3.91 years, from 13 teams who completed a questionnaire with the variables of interest for the study. Results revealed that athlete’s perceptions of autonomy supportive interpersonal style positively predic- ted task orientation, while athlete’s perceptions of controlling interpersonal style positively predicted ego orientation. Additionally, task orientation and self-perception of achievement in sport positively predicted MT, which in turn predicted future intention of sport practice. Results emphasize the importance of having coaches promoting autonomy supportive atmosphe- res to facilitate the development of MT in athletes. Based on Self Determination and Achievement Goal theories, in this study we tested the relationship between perceptions of coaches’ in- terpersonal styles, athlete’s goal orientations, mental toughness (MT) and future intention of sport practice, as well as self-perception of achievement in sport in a sample of 155 athletes (82 men and 73 women) with a mean age of 22.64 + 3.91 years, from 13 teams who completed a questionnaire with the variables of interest for the study. Results revealed that athlete’s perceptions of autonomy supportive interpersonal style positively predic- ted task orientation, while athlete’s perceptions of controlling interpersonal style positively predicted ego orientation. Additionally, task orientation and self-perception of achievement in sport positively predicted MT, which in turn predicted future intention of sport practice. Results emphasize the importance of having coaches promoting autonomy supportive atmosphe- res to facilitate the development of MT in athletes.

Betalains and phenolic compounds of leaves and stems of Alternanthera brasiliana and Alternanthera tenella

Betacyanins and phenolic compounds from acetonitrile:acidified water extracts of Alternanthera brasiliana and Alternanthera tenella were characterized and quantified using a high-performance liquid chromatography system coupled with diode array and electrospray mass spectrometry detection. Four betacyanins (amaranthine, isoamaranthine, betanin and isobetanin) were tentatively identified and quantified. Twenty eight phenolic compounds of four different families (hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, flavones and flavonols) were separated and characterized on the basis of their accurate MS and MS/MS information out of which ten compounds were confirmed by authentic standards. These plant species could be considered as an especially rich source of natural bioactive compounds and potential food colorants. A. brasiliana showed the highest betacyanin and polyphenols content (89 μg/g and 35,243 μg/g, respectively). Among polyphenols, flavonols were the more abundant (kaempferol-glucoside, kaempferol-rutinoside and kaempferol-rhamnosyl-rhamnosyl-glycoside). Meanwhile, A. tenella showed a different polyphenols profile with flavones as major compounds (glucopyranosil-vitexin and vitexin). As a novelty, pentosyl-vitexin and pentosyl-isovitexin were detected for the first time in Alternanthera plants. Both A. brasiliana and A. tenella leaves showed high total polyphenol content and in vitro antioxidant activity (FRAP). These results provide an analytical base concerning the phenolic and betalains composition and the antioxidant properties of two members of the promising Alternanthera gender, for subsequent applications, such as functional food ingredients.Fil: Deladino, Lorena. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, I.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos y Nutrición; EspañaFil: De Ancos, B.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos y Nutrición; EspañaFil: Sánchez Moreno, C.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos y Nutrición; EspañaFil: Molina García, A. D.. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos y Nutrición; EspañaFil: Schneider Teixeira, Aline. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimentos; Argentina. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Alimentos y Nutrición; Españ

Inventário quantitativo da arborização urbana viária de Campinas.

Pesquisas sobre arborização urbana têm se concentrado no inventário de árvores como forma de subsídio para os planos do governo. No entanto, um inventário total é extremamente trabalhoso de ser feito no campo. Para facilitar a observação das árvores, suas características e reduzir o tempo de busca, ferramentas de geoprocessamento estão permitindo obter resultados mais rápidos e confiáveis, criando possibilidades de exploração e conhecimento científico na análise ambiental e social. O objetivo desse trabalho foi o de propor uma nova metodologia para contar árvores nas cidades. Técnicas de geoprocessamento com imagens de alta resolução espacial foram utilizados para obter o número total de árvores do sistema viário da cidade de Campinas. O número de árvores, arbustos, palmeiras e mudas obtido foi validado em campo por meio de amostragem a partir de classes de densidade e frequência. O erro foi calculado e utilizado para estimar o número final. O total da arborização urbana do sistema viário em Campinas foi de 120.730 indivíduos, excluindo mudas. O erro encontrado foi de 16%, o que mostrou que a metodologia utilizada foi adequada para estimar a arborização total

Duality in Non-Trivially Compactified Heterotic Strings

We study the implications of duality symmetry on the analyticity properties of the partition function as it depends upon the compactification length. In order to obtain non-trivial compactifications, we give a physical prescription to get the Helmholtz free energy for any heterotic string supersymmetric or not. After proving that the free energy is always invariant under the duality transformation $R\rightarrow \alpha^{'}/(4R)$ and getting the zero temperature theory whose partition function corresponds to the Helmholtz potential, we show that the self-dual point $R_{0}=\sqrt{\alpha^{'}}/2$ is a generic singularity as the Hagedorn one. The main difference between these two critical compactification radii is that the term producing the singularity at the self-dual point is finite for any $R \neq R_{0}$. We see that this behavior at $R_{0}$ actually implies a loss of degrees of freedom below that point.Comment: (Preprint No. FTUAM-92/12) 17 page

Assessment of nutrient returns in a tropical dry forest after clear-cut without burning.

Tropical dry forests (TDFs) are being deforested at unprecedented rates. The slash/burn/ agriculture/fallow-extensive livestock sequence causes significant nutrient losses and soil degradation. Our aim is to assess nutrient inputs and outputs in a TDF area under an alternative management system, for exclusive wood production. The study involved clear-cutting a preserved caatinga TDF site without burning, quantifying nutrients exported in firewood/ timber and nutrients returned to the soil from the litter layer plus the slash debris, left to decompose unburned on the soil surface. Before clear-cut, the litter layer on the forest floor contained 6.1 t ha of dry matter (DM). After clear-cut, the aboveground biomass was 61.9 t DM ha-1 (consisting of 21.5 t DM ha-1 of commercial wood and 40.4 t DM ha-1 of clear-cut debris that did not include the underlying litter layer). The litter layer was composed of fine and coarse litter, with turnovers of 0.86 and 0.31 year-1, respectively, separately measured in uncut control plots during two rainy seasons (Dec-2007/June-2008 and Dec-2008/ June-2009). In a single season, its decomposition returned to the soil 48.4, 1.16 and 12.3 kg ha-1 of N, P and K. The clear-cut debris was mainly composed of branches, 33.4 t ha-1, bromeliads, 5.63 t ha-1 and green leaves, 1.32 t ha-1. In-situ decomposition rates for branches and bromeliads were 0.24 and 1.47 year-1, respectively. After two rainy seasons the clear-cut debris released 206, 6.5 and 106 kg ha-1 of N, P and K respectively. This input plus that of the underlying litter layer exceeded exports in the commercial wood, and replenished a soil nutrient stock (0?30 cm) of approximately the same magnitude

Estado atual de degradação das terras nas margens do rio São Francisco nos municípios de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa Maria da Boa Vista.

O estudo dos solos e ambientes que ocorrem na paisagem nordestina tem assumido indiscutível importância nestas últimas décadas. O acentuado progresso da ciência trouxe novos e fundamentais conhecimentos que permitiram, em poucos anos, detalhar e aprofundar o estudo científico da pedologia a partir da integração de informações sobre o meio ambiente. Atualmente, o grande desafio é equacionar a atividade produtiva com a geração de renda e o desenvolvimento sustentável, compatibilizando interesses ambientais, econômicos e sociais. Para isso, o conhecimento dos recursos naturais é fundamental para qualquer etapa do planejamento e do desenvolvimento sustentável, já que proporciona informações referenciais que ajudam na exploração racional destes recursos, principalmente do solo e da água. O presente texto aborda a situação atual das terras ribeirinhas nos municípios de Petrolina, Lagoa Grande e Santa Maria da Boa Vista, no Estado de Pernambuco, decorrente do uso agrícola e outros impactos antrópicos, visando fornecer subsídios para projetos estruturantes de recomposição da mata ciliar do Rio São Francisco nos referidos municípios. É apresentada a situação atual das terras e os principais problemas relacionados às mesmas

Summing Over Inequivalent Maps in the String Theory Interpretation of Two Dimensional QCD

Following some recent work by Gross, we consider the partition function for QCD on a two dimensional torus and study its stringiness. We present strong evidence that the free energy corresponds to a sum over branched surfaces with small handles mapped into the target space. The sum is modded out by all diffeomorphisms on the world-sheet. This leaves a sum over disconnected classes of maps. We prove that the free energy gives a consistent result for all smooth maps of the torus into the torus which cover the target space $p$ times, where $p$ is prime, and conjecture that this is true for all coverings. Each class can also contain integrations over the positions of branch points and small handles which act as ``moduli'' on the surface. We show that the free energy is consistent for any number of handles and that the first few leading terms are consistent with contributions from maps with branch points.Comment: 17 pages, 5 eps figures contained in a uuencoded file, UVA-HET-92-1

Integrating children ́s values in policymaking: Challenges and opportunities in a diverse society

Values are a central dimension of human social life, they are core to a person’s self-concept and identity and drive individual actions towards both personal enhancement and social transformation. At a social level, values govern how individuals relate to others and shape the organization of societies being, therefore, powerful guidelines to face new societal challenges like inclusion/exclusion issues, social justice or cultural diversity. Research with adults in this field has demonstrated that human values are powerful predictors of a wide range of behaviours, attitudes and beliefs. However, research with children is still very recent and has mostly focused on adolescents and older children, probably due to concerns about young children's capabilities to produce reliable information and discourse. In the same way, children's voices regarding political issues have been frequently dismissed even when children's right to participate fully in political and cultural life is specifically recognized in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Therefore, giving voice to children is ultimately a matter of respecting their rights. To address this gap we introduce in this presentation a project that seeks to respond to this need by mapping the basic human values (e.g. Schwartz, 1992) of children and young adolescents (6 to 14 years) and its associations with the representations of justice and attitudes towards different social groups. Also, we intend to propose further directions to incorporate values and children’s views in education policies and decision-making.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio